Consonants (Pulmonic)
|
Bilabial |
Labiodental |
Dental |
Alveolar |
Postalveolar |
Retroflex |
Palatal |
Velar |
Uvular |
Pharyngeal |
Glottal |
| Plosive |
p
b
|
|
|
t
d
|
|
ʈ
ɖ
|
c
ɟ
|
k
ɡ
|
q
ɢ
|
|
ʔ
|
| Nasal |
m
|
ɱ
|
|
n
|
|
ɳ
|
ɲ
|
ŋ
|
ɴ
|
|
|
| Trill |
ʙ
|
|
|
r
|
|
|
|
|
ʀ
|
|
|
| Tap or Flap |
|
|
|
ɾ
|
|
ɽ
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Fricative |
ɸ
β
|
f
v
|
θ
ð
|
s
z
|
ʃ
ʒ
|
ʂ
ʐ
|
ç
ʝ
|
x
ɣ
|
χ
ʁ
|
ħ
ʕ
|
h
ɦ
|
| Lateral fricative |
|
|
|
ɬ
ɮ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Approximant |
|
ʋ
|
|
ɹ
|
|
ɻ
|
j
|
ɰ
|
|
|
|
| Lateral approximant |
|
|
|
l
|
|
ɭ
|
ʎ
|
ʟ
|
|
|
|
Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.
Consonants (Non-Pulmonic)
| Clicks |
Voiced implosives |
Ejectives |
| ʘ |
Bilabial |
ɓ |
Bilabial |
’ |
Examples: |
| ǀ |
Dental |
ɗ |
Dental/alveolar |
p’ |
Bilabal |
| ǃ |
(Post)alveolar |
ʄ |
Palatal |
t’ |
Dental/alveolar |
| ǂ |
Palatoalveolar |
ɠ |
Velar |
k’ |
Velar |
| ǁ |
Alveolar lateral |
ʛ |
Uvular |
s’ |
Alveolar fricative |
International Phonetic Alphabet Chart in Unicode and XHTML/CSS
Copyright (C) 2004-2006 Weston Ruter http://linguiste.org/phonetics/ipa/chart/
The International Phonetic Alphabet charts are made possible thanks to the International Phonetic Association (Department of Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, School of English, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, GREECE).